Jozef Chúťka has did manage to create anaglyphs using Pixel Bender and displacement maps. The result is amazing!
There are multiple kinds of 2 color glasses used with anaglyphs but the demo in Jozef’s article is for the common cyan-magenta glasses.
To find out more read Jozef’s article: http://blog.yoz.sk/2010/06/anaglyphs-with-pixel-bender-and-depth-map/